Journal: iScience
Article Title: PCSK9-mediated degradation of cell-surface LDL receptors impairs human CD8+ T cell effector functions
doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.114859
Figure Lengend Snippet: CD8 + T cells from individuals with hoFH validate a role of LDLR signaling for CD8 + T cell function (A) A schematic overview of the LDLR protein domains and LDLR-adaptor protein 1 (LDLRAP1), highlighting the hoFH mutations included in the experiments with blue reversed triangles. The empty reverse triangle shapes represent hoFH patients with mutations in the LDLR, while the filled reverse triangle shape represents hoFH patients with mutations in the LDLRAP1. (B) Cell surface LDLR gMFI levels on CD8 + T cells from hoFH patients ( n = 5) and healthy controls (HCs) ( n = 5). Cells were activated for the indicated duration of time with anti-CD3/CD28 Dynabeads and a cytokine mix (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-7, and IL-15). (C) Graphical illustration of the LDL-pHrodo uptake experiment. (D) Uptake of LDL-pHrodo measured by flow cytometry, where CD8 + T cells were activated for 24 h, followed by a 2-h culturing in lipoprotein-deprived medium and 2-h incubation with the LDL-pHrodo complex (20 μg/mL). Where indicated, anti-LDLR (5 μg/mL) was added when cells were cultured in lipoprotein-deprived medium. One-way ANOVA with Šídák’s multiple comparisons test, where ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001 ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). Each dot represents data from a separate donor, and lines depict medians. (E–H) Cells were activated for 72 h with anti-CD3/CD28 Dynabeads and cytokine mix (IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15). (E) Intracellular Ki67 levels measured with flow cytometry. Two-tailed Mann-Whitney test, where ∗ p < 0.05 ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). Each dot represents data from a separate donor, and lines depict medians. (F) Cell surface ICAM-1 levels measured with flow cytometry. Two-tailed Mann-Whitney test, where ∗ p < 0.05 ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). Each dot represents data from a separate donor, and lines depict medians. (G) Intracellular granzyme B levels measured with flow cytometry. Two-tailed Mann-Whitney test ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). (H) Secreted granzyme B levels measured with ELISA. Two-tailed Mann-Whitney test ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). Each dot represents data from a separate donor, and lines depict medians.
Article Snippet: Calorimetric measurements were performed using CLARIOstar ELISA plate reader (BMG Labtech).
Techniques: Cell Function Assay, Flow Cytometry, Incubation, Cell Culture, Two Tailed Test, MANN-WHITNEY, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
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![CD8 + T cells from individuals with hoFH validate a role of LDLR signaling for CD8 + T cell function (A) A schematic overview of the LDLR protein domains and LDLR-adaptor protein 1 (LDLRAP1), highlighting the hoFH mutations included in the experiments with blue reversed triangles. The empty reverse triangle shapes represent hoFH patients with mutations in the LDLR, while the filled reverse triangle shape represents hoFH patients with mutations in the LDLRAP1. (B) Cell surface LDLR gMFI levels on CD8 + T cells from hoFH patients ( n = 5) and healthy controls (HCs) ( n = 5). Cells were activated for the indicated duration of time with anti-CD3/CD28 Dynabeads and a cytokine mix (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-7, and IL-15). (C) Graphical illustration of the LDL-pHrodo uptake experiment. (D) Uptake of LDL-pHrodo measured by flow cytometry, where CD8 + T cells were activated for 24 h, followed by a 2-h culturing in lipoprotein-deprived medium and 2-h incubation with the LDL-pHrodo complex (20 μg/mL). Where indicated, anti-LDLR (5 μg/mL) was added when cells were cultured in lipoprotein-deprived medium. One-way ANOVA with Šídák’s multiple comparisons test, where ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001 ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). Each dot represents data from a separate donor, and lines depict medians. (E–H) Cells were activated for 72 h with anti-CD3/CD28 Dynabeads and cytokine mix (IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15). (E) Intracellular Ki67 levels measured with flow cytometry. Two-tailed Mann-Whitney test, where ∗ p < 0.05 ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). Each dot represents data from a separate donor, and lines depict medians. (F) Cell surface ICAM-1 levels measured with flow cytometry. Two-tailed Mann-Whitney test, where ∗ p < 0.05 ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). Each dot represents data from a separate donor, and lines depict medians. (G) Intracellular granzyme B levels measured with flow cytometry. Two-tailed Mann-Whitney test ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). (H) Secreted granzyme B levels measured with <t>ELISA.</t> Two-tailed Mann-Whitney test ( n = 5 HCs and n = 5 hoFH patients). Each dot represents data from a separate donor, and lines depict medians.](https://pub-med-central-images-cdn.bioz.com/pub_med_central_ids_ending_with_6826/pmc12936826/pmc12936826__gr5.jpg)